Valve.



W. F. RUWELL.

VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 1, 1911.

1,029,464... Patented June 11, 1912.

Jrwwim wflzzom a- WILLIAM F. RUW LL, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

VALVE.

Specificationot Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1912.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM F. RUWELL, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Valves, of which the following isa specification.

My invention relates to valve construction and consists of-a valve which is particularly adapted for use as a discharge valve for refrigerating compressor pumps or the like.

The chief object of m invention is to make a valve which will be of simple construction, effective and which can be easily inserted or removed from a compressor cylinder. These objects and other advantages *1 attain in the following manner, reference bein had to the accompanying drawing in whic Figure 1, is a sectional elevation of my improved valve mechanism applied to the discharge portion of a compression cylinder of a compressor pump. Figs. 2, 3, and 4, are similar sections showing different positions of the valve during a discharge.

Referring to the drawing, 1 is a cylinder having a piston bore 2 serving as a compression chamber. An aperture 3 leads from the compression chamber 2 to form a seat for the valve casing 41. The valve casing 4 has a cylindrical valve-chamber 5 terminating at one end in a frusto-conical valve seat 6 and leading to the compression chamber 2.

Apertures' 7 are formed in the valve casing 4 and lead to a discharge port- 8 formed in the cylinder 1. A channel 9 leads from the discharge port 8to condensing coils or other and of the valve chamber 5. A compression spring 15 is mounted so as to bear against the piston head 12 and the cap 10. V p 7 Any form of compression element may be employed within the chamber 2 but in the present instance I show a plunger 16 which Application filed November 7, 1911. Serial No. 659,037.

is reciprocated within the chamber by mechanism not shown.

My invention as illustrated is designed to u perform the functions of a discharge and back pressure valve; first, to allow the compressed or high pressure ammonia gas from the chamber 2 to be forced into the condensmg tubes and, second, to prevent a back leak of the gas from the condensers while low pressure gas is being admitted to the chamber 2 through suction or inlet valves (not shown). 1

1n the construction of the valve the thickness'of the piston head '12 is made less than the diameter of the apertures 7, and the length of the valve 11 is such that when the stem 14 is in contact with the seat 6 the apertures 7 will be open to the valve-chamher 5 at a point between the piston head 12 and cap plate 10. Also, in this latter position, the piston head 12 forms a back pressure out off and prevents a leakage of the back pressure into the valve chamber between the valve seat 6 and the piston head 12 (see Fig. 1). The lift of the valve is dependent upon the intensity of the discharge 'of the cylinder-but in all cases'lifts to a head 12 and the cap plate 10, and to open.

the apertures 7 to the portion of the casing between the piston head 12 andthecompression chamber 2. (See Fig. 2.)

One of the important features of my invention is to have the apertures 7 disposed with respect to the piston head 12 that they are closed to the compression chamber 2 and opened to the cushion chamber by the piston head 12 when the valve is closed, and opened to the compression chamber 2 and closed to the cushionchamber by the piston head 12 when the valve is opened. The advantages of this construction will be more full set forth in the following description of t e operation. 1

In the normal position shown in Fig. 1, the valve endll is seated and the piston head 12 aids the end in forming a out 01f against leakage of the back pressure. Also in this position the back pressure, aided by the spring 15, is acting to keep the valve sea-ted;

The operation is as follows: The plunger the pressure in the chamber 2 exceeds the back pressure and that of the sprlng 15, the valve is forced off its seatand the gas is forced through the apertures 7. Also, the piston head 12 being moved to a point between the apertures 7 and the cap plate 10, will cushion and com ress-the gas between itself and the capp ate 10 (see Fig. 2).

When the plunger has completed its compression stroke and is at the end 'of the compression chamber 2, as shown' m Fig. 2, the spring 15 and the compressed gas between the piston head 12 and cap plate 10 expand and force the valve toward its seat because the compressed gas and the spring pressure are greater than the back pressure.

As soon as the piston head 12 in its return movementreaches the position showninFig. 3 the gas pressure is equalized. In other words, as the apertures 7 are opened to the portion of the valve chamber 5 between the piston head and the cap plate the-back pressure gas that had been cushioned becomes common with the back ressure. would practically form a alance for the valve at this time if it were not for the action of the sprin 15 because the back pressure acts on all aces of the piston head 12. Y At this point; however, the spring 15 acts as an auxiliary member and continues the movement .of the valve toward its seat until i the face of the piston head which is adjacent the valve stem passes the apertures 7 and cuts off the back pressure tothe chamber 2 as shown in Fig. 4. -When the piston head reaches this position the entire back ressure acts on the sprin -pres'sed end 0 the piston head 12 andten s to quickly seat the valve. However, the gas between the, piston head'12 and, the plunger 16 will form a slight temporary cushion and retard the -movement of the valve'thereby preventing the valve from pounding. This temporary cushioning takes place owing to the fact that the seat 6, being smaller in diameter than the piston head 12 and partially out 01f by the stem 14 (Fig. 4) is unable to carry off the gas necessary for the displacementof the quick moving piston head. Therefore the piston head is retarded just before the seating of the valve. Also, by having the apertures 7 larger than the thickness of the'piston head 12 the cut oil of the valve is revented until the back pressure has starte to c act on the outer end of the said piston head 12. This prevents pocketing ofthe hot gas by allowing a discharge opening until the back oft-hepiston head cuts 0 the'back pressure to the compression cylinder. An-

other advantage of having the a ertures 7 51 larger than the thickness of the piston head 12 is that the discharge passages will be wide open before thecushioning of-the valve and thereby permit a free outlet of the gas from the compression chamber.. Thus the This,

compression, plunger is not compelled to I compress the gas in the cushion chamber before the gas in the compression chamber can be discharged. This construction, therefore, prevents unnecessary resistance to the movement of the compression plunger and to the gas that is bei discharged. Thus the pie ton head 12 an the apertures 7 are specifically arran edand cooperate to perform the following FunctionsrFirst, the permit the discharge-of the gas; second, t ey permit a cushion to be .formed for the valve and thereby do away with a cushion spring;

third, they serve to cut off the back pressure to the compression chamber; fourth, they effect a rapid closure ofcthe valve; fifth, they effect a slight'cushioning of the valve to prevent pounding; and sixth,they form a second seat for the valveto prevent a leakage of the back pressure into the compression chamber 2 (see m Fig. 1).

In the use of my inventlon 1t 15 referable that the parts he, so proportione that the pressure of the gas in the compression cylinder is sufficient to move the piston head of the valve far enough to expose a art of the area of the aperture 7 which is at least equal to the area of the valve seat opening into the compression cylinder. By having this arrangement, there is an even passage of the gas from the time that it leaves the compression cylinder until the time that it reaches the discharge port and channel 9.

Up to the time of my invention valves ofthis nature were constructed with double cased auxiliary valves by passes and cush- .ion springs all of which formed a compli-.

cated mechanism in need of constant repair. Attempts have been made to form air or gas cushions in separate casings from the main orced through the valve casing on each.

stroke of the piston and, as the valve closes just as soon as the plunger has finished its compression stroke, there is no chance of hot, compressed gas remaining between the plunger and valve stem because the plunger can moveto the end of the compression chamber 2 as clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

I claim: q

1. The combination in a compressor pump of a valve casing, having a valve seat and 3. The combination in acompressor pumpof a valve casing having a valve seat and lateral passages, a piston headed valve arranged to close against said seat,a spring bearing on said piston head, said piston head being arranged to move. past the pas-- sages and being of such thickness as to never entirely close the passages.

4. The combination in a compressor pump having a compression chamber and a pas sage, of means providing an aperture between the compression chamber and thepassage, and a valve intermediate the aperture and the compression chamber, said valve being movable to either side of and never entirely covering the aperture.

5. The combination in a compressor pump [having a passage, a compression chamber, and

a valve chamber communicating with the compression chamber, of means providing an aperture between the valve chamber and the said passage, said aperture being between the compression chamber and the end of the valve chamber; and aval've fitting and movable within the valve chamber to points on either side of the aperture, said valve never covering the entire aperture.

6. The combination in a compressor pump having a compression chamber, and a passage formed therein of a valve casing opening into the compression chamber; an aperture in said valve casing and forming communi'cation bet-ween the said passage and the compression chamber; a valve seat formed in the valve casing; a valve fitting and move able within the valve casing to points on either side of the aperture, said valve never covering the entire aperture.

7. The combination in acompressor pump having acompression chamber, and a passage formed therein of av valve casing at one end of the compression chamber, a. plurality of apertures in sald valve casing and forming communicatlon between the sald passage and the compression chamber, a

valve seat formed in the valve casing, a valve fitting and movable within the valve casing to .points on either side of the aperture, said valve never covering the entire aperture.

8. The combination in a compressor pump having a passage and a compression chamber mounted therein of the valve casing having apertures formed therein and forming a communication between the passage and the compression chamber, said apertures being positioned in a common plane at right angles to the center of the valve casing, and between the end of the compression chamber and the outer end of the valve casing, a valve fitting and movable to points on either side of the apertures, said valve never covering the entire apertures.

9. The combination in a compressor pump sage, a valve mounted at one end and opening into the compression chamber, a valve movable in' the valve chamber, said valve having a piston head and a stem projecting from the piston head, a valve seat formed in the valve casing and with which the valve stem contacts, a series of apertures leading from the valve casing to the passage, said apertures being in a common plane at right [angles to the axis of the piston head, the thickness of the said piston head, being less than the width of any of the apertures.

10. The combination in a compressor pump having a passage and a compression chamber, a. valve casing opening into the compression chamber, a frusto-conical valve seat formed within the valve casing and a piston headed valve in the valve casing, a frusto-conical valve stem projecting from the valve, a spring for moving the valve stem in contact with the valve seat, an aperture forming communication between the said passage and the valve casing, the thickness of the said piston head being less than the width of the aperture,-a closure for the outer end of the valve chamber, said piston head being movable within the valve chamber to points on either side of the said aperture.

11. The combination in a compressor pump having a passage and a compression chamber, a valve casing opening into the compression chamber and closed at the end opposite the compression chamber, a valve seat formed in said casing, a piston headed valve mounted within the valve casing, a spring for moving the valve toward the valve seat, said valve casing having an aperture forming communication with the passage and the interior of the valve casing, sald aperture forming communication be tween the passage, and the portion of the valve casing between the piston head and the closed end of the valve casing when the valve is seated and forming communication between the passage and the compression chamber when the outer face of the piston is raised to a point beyond the aperture.

12. The combination in a compressor chamber, a valve casing having a valve chamber opening into the compression chamber and closed at the end opposite the compump having a passage and a compression,

having a compression chamber and a pasforming a communication between the said passage and the valve chamber the thickness of the said piston head being less than the-width of the said aperture, the distance from the outer edge of the said aperture to the compression chamberbeinggreater than the distance of the outer surface of the piston head to the compression chamber when the valve is in its closed position.

13. The combination in a compressor pump having a passage and a compression chamber, a valve casing having a valve chamber opening into the compression chamher and closed at the end opposite the compression chamber, a seat formed in the valve casing, a piston headed valve mounted within the valve chamber, a spring between the piston head and the closed end of the valve chamber for normally holding the valve in contact. with the valve seat, an aperture forming a communication between the said passage and the valve chamber, the thick ness of the said piston head being less than the width of the said aperture, the distance from the outer edge of the said aperture tot-he compression chamber being greater than the distance of the outer surface of the ,piston head to the compression chamber 35 said valve chamber opening into the com pression chamber and being closed at its outer end, a frusto-conical valve seat formed in said casing, a piston-headed valve mounted within the valve casing and having a frusto-conical valve stem adapted tocontact 45' with the valve seat, said casing having a series of apertures formed therein and leading from the valve chamber to the said passage, the piston head being movable within the valve chamber to points on either side of the aperture.

15. A valve casing closed at one end and having an aperture and a valve seat formed therein; a valve fitting the casing, said valve closing the aperture to the valve seat when the valve is seated; said-valve, when open, closing the aperture to the closed end portion of the valve casing.

16. The combination, in a compressor pump having a assage and a compression chamber, of a va ve easing having an aperture and 'being closed at one end; avalve fittin the casing, said, casing having a valve seat ormed therein; a stem on the valve and fitting the seat, said valve bein movable by the gas in the compression amber to a point between the aperture and the closed end to cushion and to allow the discharge of the said gas through the aperture; and means. for returning the va to a point between the aperture and e valve seat to be acted upon by the bac pressure of the dischargd gas to seat the va ve.

17. The combination, in a compressor pump having a passage and a compression chamber, of a valve casing having an aperture and being closed at one end; a valve fitting said casing, said. casing having a. valve seat formed therein and smaller in diameter than the valve; a stem on the valve and fitting the seat, said valve being movable by the as in the compression chamber to a point ietween the, aperture andthe closed end to cushion and to allow the discharge of the said gas through the aperture; and means for returning the valve to a point between the aperture and thetyalve seat to be acted upon by the back pressure of the discharged gas to seat the valve.

18; The combination, in a compressor -ture and being closed at one en a valve fitting said casing; said casing having a frusto-conical valve seat formed therein and smaller in diameter than the valve; afrustoconical stem on the valve and fittingthe seat, said valve being movable by the gas in the compression chamber to a point between the aperture and the closed end to cushion and allow. the'discharge of the said gas through the aperture; and means for returning the valve to a point between the aperture and the frusto-conical valve seat to be acted upon by the back pressure of the discharged gas to seat the valve.

19. The combination, in a compressor pump having a passage and compression chamber, of a valve casing opening into the compression chamber and closed at one end;

a piston valve mounted within the valve casing, said casing having a frusto-conical' valve seat formed therein and smaller in diameter than the valve, said piston valve having a; frusto-conical stem thereon and fitting the valve seat; a spring for moving the valve toward the valve seat, said valve casing having an aperture forming communication with the passage and "the interior of the valve casing, said aperture forming communication between the passage and the portion of the valve casing between the piston head and the closed end of the valve casing when the valve is seated, and forming communication between the passage and the compression chamber when the outer face of the'piston valve is moved to a point beyond the aperture.

20. The combination, in a compressor pumpv having a passage and a compression chamber, of a valve casing closed at one end, a valve seat in said casing and openmg into the compression chamber; a valve fitturg sa1d casing; means for moving sald valve toward the valve seat, said valve casing having an aperture; said aperture at all times forming communication with the passage and the interior of the valve casing, said aperture forming communication between the passage and the portion of the valve casing between the valve and the closed end of'the valve casing when the valve-is seated and forming communication between the passage and the compression chamber when the outer face of the valve is moved to a point beyond the aperture by the discharge 15 WILLIAM F. RUWELL.

Witnesses:

AUGUSTUS B. OoPPEs, Jos. H. KLEIN. 

